Fuel-oil burner.



E. J. NOLAN.

FUEL OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. Io. I9I4.

Lwm, Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

@wwwa/.mm1 zu WM @W @www Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

@Imi/hummm:

titl

if @im teilw/.tillen EDWARD J. NOLABL, GF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

FUEL-OIL BURN Specification of Letters Patent.

lDntented Nov. 2, MM5.

Application filed' November 105 1914. Serial No. 871,245.

Vot Brooklyn7 'in thecounty of Kings vand State of New York, havekinvented certain new and useful improvements in Fuel-Oil Burners, ot'which the yfollowing is a specification. i

This invention relates to' improvements in oil burners 4and particularlyto that type adapted for use in burning crude, heavy oils.

rthe objects oli' the invention are iirst, to provide burners in whichthe oil is throughly etomized betere ignition and so cornmingled withsteam 'or air as to form a gaseous spray mixture readily combustiblewith a steady llame. v

n second obiect is to provide an improved term oit portable burner inwhich the combustion chamber is maintained in a relatively coolcondition up tothe .point of flame discharge. find finally, to provideburners economical alike in action and construction7 that are capable oflong and continuous service and which are readily operated.

These and other similar objects are attained bythe novel constructionand combination of parts hereinafter described and shown in theaccompanying drawings, l'orming part ot this specification, andin-whieh:

Figure l is a partial section and side elevation ot' a high pressureburner made in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view otthesame, parts being broken away showing the interior. Fig. 3 is a crosssectional view taken on line 3 3 ot Fig. l. Fig. l is a similarsectional view taken on line fl-l of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a partial sideelevation and section view, showing a moditied form of single lowpressure burner without the combustion chamber. Fig. 6 is a pin-tial endview and section taken on line G-G of Fig. Fig. 7 is a plan view showinga modification embracing a double burner, and, Fig. 8 is a front view ofthe same. v

rl`he portable burner comprises a circular eonjibustion chamber,einnprisingl a casing or shell l0 preferably made of sheet metal,conical. iu .shape .titted to a head ll that is provided with lugs l2which extend into the easingi to receive the retaining` screws 13. (lnthe outside of the head ll is a boss ll tapped to receive an airpressure pipe 1G, slightly above the axial center ot the combustionchamber', so as to obtain control of the flame. This boss part maybe`termed integrallyy with the heed or made separately 'and attached bybolts or rivets as preferred.

A continuation of the boss is also tapped :tor

the entryl ot the oil pipe 18; both pipes are/ i engaged by suitableconnections i9 at vari ous points along their length and furnishedwithvalves (not shown) to control the passages therethrough.

, @n the pipe 1G is a T, the branch of which earriesa. by-pss pipe '20eventually directed downward and terminating in specially constructednipple, threaded into the top ot the boss let, at an angle to the pipes16 and 1S. llVithin the nipple 2l is a restricted central inlet openingQ2 ranging` with the trans verse passage 2l formed in the boss le, thepassage leading to the opening formed in the boss ll, and extendingthrough lthe head ll to the interior of the combustion chamber centralwith its axis. A. small .openin 2G leads from the pipe 18 into thepassage or lirst mixing chamber 2li. through which oil may enter and a.similar but larger opening 27 leads from the pressure or blast pipe 16into the opening' but offset therefrom, so that an incoming current isdirected sharply across the end of the passage 24.

It is to be understood that the size of the openings-22 and 27 from theblast pipes is governed by the amo-unt ot pressure turnished by theblast and that the proper working` depends on their being correctlyproportioned. Another important feature is the position ot the opening25 relative to the main blast inlet 2T, iter it the oil be turned inbefore the blast, any excess would enter the opening 25 and fromtherepass into the combustion chamber rather than bac-k up into theblast pipe'. lllhen oil does accumulate in the blast pipe, as is thecase with all other burners using a mixing chamber, it is ejected in astream. causing a lia-me ot undesirable size, dangerous to those closeby. rlhe burner head is also formed with pert'orations 3() for thefileeadmission ot' atmospheric air, the perforations being paced nearlyequal in a. circle vwithin but near the confines o't the combustionchamber.

An inner shell having a curved contacting,` edge 36 is set within themain casing and is Jfurther supported and maintained by distance piecesin 'the torni ot curved washers 3T, the same being held in position byscrews 38 eng ging with internal nuts 39.

VThis arrangement provides for anannular also be remarked that thelength of the opening 25 largely controls the spread of the flame andmust be properly proportioned with the diameters and length of th-eburner 1 casings.

It will be understood that the size, shape and angle of thevmixingchambers is governed by thel amount of pressure on the blast line.

In operation, the oil enters into the passage or first mixing chamber 24where it meets with an air blast delivered centrally from the by-pass inthe manner of' an atomizer; the combined gases are carried down and meetwith the main air or steam blast that completely vaporizes the mixture,directing it outward into the combustion chamber where, commingling withair entering through the openings in the head, it is ignited, emergingin a flame filling the outlet uniformly. As the flame passes out throughthe combustion chamber, the air is siphoned from the air space ilcausing a circulation through the ports 40.

In Figs. 5 and 6 is shown a modified form of single low pressure burnerconnected to the blast pipe 51, the latter being provided with a by-pass52 leading to an angular channel formed integrally in the burner casing50. The oil enters through the opening 54, meeting the current from theby-pass pipe at an angle where it is diverted and spread in the passageor first mixing chamber which is gradually decreased in height andincreased in width in the manner of a liattened tube, toward the outlet55 where it enters the main mixing chamber 57; the combined gaseousproducts are there acted upon by the main air current from the pipe 51in the main mixing chamber 57 where it is completely atomized and passesthrough the openings 56 into the combustion chamber (not shown) as ahighly inflammable vapor.

A. double burner each having essentially the same characteristics asabove described, is shown in Figs. 7 and 8 in which the casing 60 isdivided at the front end by a partition .61, the casing having outlets62 and G3 respectively Aformed in the angularly p disposed burner faces,the angle of which governs the combined spread or width of flame issuingfrom the burner. Oil enters through the opening (il, at the bottom ofwhich are two contracted inlet ports G5 and 66 leading to the ilattenedconical first mixing chambers 67 and GS.' The main blast pipe 69 isarranged to support the burner casing-and is provided with a by-pass 70arranged to divert a volume of' air trans-V reason of the divided airblast and producing a flame of any desirable magnitude.

Havingthus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is;

l. An oil burner consisting of an outer casing, constituting acombustion chamber, a perforate head combined therewith, a passagetherein for the admission of a single jet ofl oil, means for atomizingthe oil, said means entering the head transversely to said passage andmeans `for conveying air under pressure directly upon the atomizedoil'centrally ol said head.

2. An oil burner consisting'ol a conical casing, constituting acombustion chamber, a perforate head combined therewith, said headcontaining passagcways, one ot' which enters saidcasing, blast pipescommnnicating with the passageways disposed at divergent angles and anoil pipe entering the pasageway between said blast pipes.

3. An oil burner consisting of' an outer casing, constituting acombustion chamber, a perforate head combined therewith, means foradmitting oil, atomizing means for the oil, an inner shell contained insaid casing, spaced annularly thraefrom, and means for the admission of'air to the mentioned space.

4. An oil burner consisting of a conical casing, constituting acombustion chamber, a head engaging therewith containing an axialpassage open to the casing, a. blast pipe entering said head having aninlet communi` cating with said apertureat the upper edge thereof, abypass extending from said blast pipe entering said head transverselyof' said inlet, a chamber therebetween, and an oil pipe having arestricted inlet entering the mentioned chamber at an angle thereto.

5. An oil burner having a" frusto-conical combustion chamber, aychambercd head at .the larger end thereof, means for the inlet Iliathereof and having its outer edge locatedl onl i a line drawn from thecenter of the men-J ofoil and an air blast to the chamber insecond airblast to said axial passage, said passage being so formed as to preventoil from entering said second-mentioned blast inlet and to cause aspreadof the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber.

6. An oil burner having a frusto-conical combustion chamber, a chamberedhead at the larger end thereof, means for the inlet of oil and an airblast to the chamber in said head, said head having an axial passagefrom the chamber of said headl to the com bustion chamber, a liningWithin said combustion chamber spaced from the Walls tioned axialpassage and the edge of said conical casing and means'permitting acirculation of air -through said combustion chamber.

7. An oil burner havingfa spaced double casing, constituting acombustion chamber, ports for the admission of air therebetween, achambered supporting head provided with perforations, means for theinlet of oil and an air blast to the chamber in said head, an axialpassage communicating between the chambers, means for the inlet of asecond air blast to said axial passage and a contracted throat betweensaid means and said axial passage, said contracted throat normallypreventing oil from entering said second air blast. u

8. An oil burner, comprising a unitary casting having an elongatedmixing chamber, an outlet at one end of said' mixing chamber, at anangle thereto, an air blast passage in register Withsaid outlet, asecond air blast passage entering said chamber,

and an inlet for oil between said blast passages. l v

9. An oil burner having a combustion chamber, a chambered head removablyengaged therewith, a lining partially covering the interior of saidcombustion chamber,

ports for the admission of air to the space` therebetween, a chamberformed transversely in said head, means for the inlet of oil and an airblast to the chamber in said head, said-head having an axial passagefrom the chamber therein to the combustion chamber, means for the inletof a second air blast to said axial passage and a contracted throatbetween said second air blast inlet and said axial passage, said throatbeing offset from said axial passage.

l0. An oil burner having a frusto-conical combustion chamber, achambered head at the larger end thereof, a lining spaced from the Wallsof said combustion chamber eX- tending inward .from near the front end,said lining being outwardly flanged and engaged with the Walls of thechamber short of said head, means for the inlet of oil and an -air blastto theA chamber in said head, said chamber being transverse of saidcombustion chamber, a second inlet for an air blast, an axial passagebetween said second air blast inletl and said combustionchambercommunicating With the chamber in said head and a restrictedoffset throat at said second air blast entrance to said axial'passage.

In Witness 'whereof l have signed my name lili to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.l

' EDWARD J NOLAN. Vtnesses: l 1W MIREN E. 7Wnmis, HANS C. Boos.

